升压站系统
一、升压站基础 | Substation Fundamentals
二、高压设备 | HV Equipment
三、中压集电系统 | MV Collector System
四、站用电与辅助系统 | Station Service & Auxiliaries
MV Switchgear — Collector Feeder Connection and Testing
Xie, the 20 collector feeders from the solar field are all terminated at the 34.5 kV switchgear. Before we energize, let's do a thorough check of each feeder bay.
谢工，从光伏场区来的20路集电馈线全部接到34.5kV开关柜了。送电之前， 我们逐路馈线彻底检查一下。
谢工: Agreed. This is a 34.5 kV metal-clad switchgear, indoor type, with 22 cubicles total — 20 feeder bays, one incoming to the main transformer, and one bus tie. Each feeder has a vacuum circuit breaker rated 1,250A, 25 kA interrupting.
同意。这是34.5kV铠装移开式开关柜，户内型，总共22面柜——20面馈线 柜、1面去主变进线、1面母联。每路馈线有真空断路器，额定1,250A、25kA 分断能力。
Tech, let's check Feeder F-07 first. What tests have you done?
技师，先查F-07馈线。做了哪些试验？
开关柜技师: F-07 breaker timing: close 48ms, open 27ms — within spec. Contact resistance: Phase A 10 µΩ, B 9 µΩ, C 11 µΩ — all under 25 µΩ. CT ratio checked: 600:5, polarity correct. The protection relay — 50/51 overcurrent — passed secondary injection at all test points.
F-07断路器特性：合闸48ms、分闸27ms——合格。接触电阻：A相10微欧、 B相9微欧、C相11微欧——全部在25微欧内。CT变比核验：600:5、极性正确。 保护继电器——50/51过流——所有测试点二次注入通过。
The cable connection — has it been hi-pot tested from the switchgear end all the way to the inverter?
电缆连接——从开关柜端到逆变器端全线做过耐压了吗？
谢工: Yes, DC hi-pot at 53 kV for 15 minutes — passed on all three phases. Insulation resistance at 5 kV: Phase A 8,200 MΩ, B 7,900 MΩ, C 8,500 MΩ. Phase rotation at the inverter end verified: L1-L2-L3 clockwise.
是的，直流耐压53kV、15分钟——三相全部通过。5kV下绝缘电阻：A相 8,200兆欧、B相7,900兆欧、C相8,500兆欧。逆变器端相序验证：L1-L2-L3 顺时针。
Excellent. F-07 is cleared. Let's work through the remaining 19 feeders — same checks, same standard.
很好。F-07通过。剩下的19路也走——同样的检查、同样的标准。
Grid Interconnection — First Energization Coordination
Xie, we're on the line with the grid control center. They've approved the energization sequence for the substation. Walk me through your switching plan one more time.
谢工，我们跟电网调度中心连线了。他们批准了升压站送电顺序。再给我过 一遍投切方案。
谢工: Sequence is: First, close the grid-side HV disconnect switch at the POI — that's the 230 kV switch. Then the HV breaker closes to energize the main transformer from the grid side. We let the transformer soak for 30 minutes — no load.
顺序是：先合并网点电网侧高压隔离开关——230kV开关。然后合高压断路器， 从电网侧向主变压器送电。变压器空充30分钟——不带负载。
And the inrush current — what do you expect?
励磁涌流——你预计多大？
谢工: Transformer inrush can be 8-12× rated current for a few cycles. The differential relay 87T has harmonic restraint to avoid tripping on inrush — the 2nd harmonic blocking is set at 15%. We've verified that with the relay test set.
变压器涌流可达额定电流的8-12倍，持续几个周波。差动保护87T有二 次谐波制动不会在涌流时误跳——二次谐波闭锁定在15%。已用继电测试仪验证 过了。
控制室操作员: Grid control center confirms — HV disconnect is closed. Ready to close HV breaker CB-230.
电网调度中心确认——高压隔离开关已合。准备合高压断路器CB-230。
谢工: Close CB-230. (breaker closes, transformer energizes) Inrush current peaked at 420A — about 6× rated — and settled within 0.5 seconds. No alarms, no protection trips. Transformer is energized and stable. Bushing CTs showing balanced voltages on the 34.5 kV side — all three phases at 34.5 kV ±1%.
合CB-230。（断路器合闸，变压器带电）涌流峰值420A——约6倍额定—— 0.5秒内稳定。无报警、无保护跳闸。变压器带电稳定。套管CT显示34.5kV 侧三相电压平衡——全部34.5kV ±1%。
Good. After the 30-minute soak, we'll close the MV main breaker and energize the 34.5 kV bus. Then we can start energizing the collector feeders one at a time.
好。30分钟空充后，合中压主断路器向34.5kV母线送电。然后就可以逐路 向集电馈线送电了。
谢工: I'll notify the field crew to stay clear of the switchgear area during MV bus energization. Control room, log all events — we're making the official sequence-of-events record.
我通知现场班组中压母线送电期间远离开关柜区域。控制室，记录全部事 件——我们正在生成正式的SOE事件记录。