一、环境管理基础 | Environmental Management Fundamentals
环境— environment —/ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/
环境保护— environmental protection —/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl prəˈtɛkʃən/
环境影响— environmental impact —/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˈɪmpækt/
可持续发展— sustainable development —/səˈsteɪnəbəl dɪˈvɛləpmənt/
生态— ecology —/iˈkɑlədʒi/
生物多样性— biodiversity —/ˌbaɪoʊdaɪˈvɜrsəti/
碳足迹— carbon footprint —/ˈkɑrbən ˈfʊtˌprɪnt/
碳中和— carbon neutral —/ˈkɑrbən ˈnutrəl/
净零排放— net zero —/nɛt ˈziroʊ/
绿色施工— green construction —/grin kənˈstrʌkʃən/
循环经济— circular economy —/ˈsɜrkjələr ɪˈkɑnəmi/
二、环境影响评价 | Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
环境影响评价— environmental impact assessment (EIA) —/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˈɪmpækt əˈsɛsmənt/
环评报告— EIA report —/ˈi ˈaɪ ˈeɪ rɪˈpɔrt/
基线调查— baseline survey —/ˈbeɪsˌlaɪn ˈsɜrˌveɪ/
环境敏感区— environmentally sensitive area —/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəli ˈsɛnsətɪv ˈɛriə/
保护区— protected area; reserve —/prəˈtɛktɪd ˈɛriə/; /rɪˈzɜrv/
公众参与— public consultation —/ˈpʌblɪk ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən/
许可条件— permit conditions —/pərˈmɪt kənˈdɪʃənz/
环境管理计划— environmental management plan (EMP) —/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˈmænɪdʒmənt plæn/
缓解措施— mitigation measures —/ˌmɪtɪˈgeɪʃən ˈmɛʒərz/
补偿措施— compensation measures —/ˌkɑmpənˈseɪʃən ˈmɛʒərz/
三、施工期环境管理 | Construction-Phase Environmental Management
空气污染— air pollution —/ɛr pəˈluʃən/
扬尘— dust; fugitive dust —/dʌst/; /ˈfjudʒətɪv dʌst/
降尘— dust suppression —/dʌst səˈprɛʃən/
洒水— water spraying —/ˈwɔtər ˈspreɪɪŋ/
噪声污染— noise pollution —/nɔɪz pəˈluʃən/
噪声监测— noise monitoring —/nɔɪz ˈmɑnɪtərɪŋ/
分贝— decibel (dB) —/ˈdɛsɪˌbɛl/
振动— vibration —/vaɪˈbreɪʃən/
施工废水— construction wastewater —/kənˈstrʌkʃən ˈweɪstˌwɔtər/
沉淀池— sedimentation basin —/ˌsɛdɪmɛnˈteɪʃən ˈbeɪsɪn/
浑浊度— turbidity —/tɜrˈbɪdəti/
径流控制— runoff control —/ˈrʌnˌɔf kənˈtroʊl/
四、废弃物管理 | Waste Management
废弃物— waste —/weɪst/
固体废物— solid waste —/ˈsɑlɪd weɪst/
生活垃圾— domestic waste; municipal waste —/dəˈmɛstɪk weɪst/; /mjuˈnɪsɪpəl weɪst/
建筑垃圾— construction debris; demolition waste —/kənˈstrʌkʃən dəˈbri/; /ˌdɛməˈlɪʃən weɪst/
危险废物— hazardous waste —/ˈhæzərdəs weɪst/
危废标识— hazardous waste label —/ˈhæzərdəs weɪst ˈleɪbəl/
危废暂存间— hazardous waste storage area —/ˈhæzərdəs weɪst ˈstɔrɪdʒ ˈɛriə/
分类收集— source segregation —/sɔrs ˌsɛgrɪˈgeɪʃən/
回收利用— recycling —/riˈsaɪklɪŋ/
处置— disposal —/dɪˈspoʊzəl/
填埋— landfill —/ˈlændˌfɪl/
焚烧— incineration —/ɪnˌsɪnəˈreɪʃən/
五、水土保持与生态修复 | Soil Conservation & Ecological Restoration
水土保持— soil and water conservation —/sɔɪl ænd ˈwɔtər ˌkɑnsərˈveɪʃən/
水土流失— soil erosion —/sɔɪl ɪˈroʊʒən/
表土剥离— topsoil stripping —/ˈtɑpˌsɔɪl ˈstrɪpɪŋ/
表土回覆— topsoil replacement —/ˈtɑpˌsɔɪl rɪˈpleɪsmənt/
植被恢复— revegetation —/riˌvɛdʒɪˈteɪʃən/
复垦— land rehabilitation —/lænd ˌriəˌbɪlɪˈteɪʃən/
边坡防护— slope protection —/sloʊp prəˈtɛkʃən/
排水沟— drainage ditch —/ˈdreɪnɪdʒ dɪtʃ/
沉淀池— silt trap; sediment pond —/sɪlt træp/; /ˈsɛdɪmənt pɑnd/
围挡— silt fence —/sɪlt fɛns/
六、法规与合规 | Regulations & Compliance
环境法规— environmental regulations —/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˌrɛgjəˈleɪʃənz/
排放标准— emission standard —/ɪˈmɪʃən ˈstændərd/
排污许可证— discharge permit —/dɪsˈtʃɑrdʒ pərˈmɪt/
废水排放— wastewater discharge —/ˈweɪstˌwɔtər dɪsˈtʃɑrdʒ/
废气排放— air emission; exhaust —/ɛr ɪˈmɪʃən/; /ɪgˈzɔst/
达标— compliance; meet the standard —/kəmˈplaɪəns/; /mit ðə ˈstændərd/
超标— exceed the limit; non-compliance —/ɪkˈsid ðə ˈlɪmɪt/; /nɑn kəmˈplaɪəns/
环境监测— environmental monitoring —/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˈmɑnɪtərɪŋ/
环保罚款— environmental fine —/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl faɪn/
环保审计— environmental audit —/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˈɔdɪt/
环境绩效— environmental performance —/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl pərˈfɔrməns/
合规性评估— compliance assessment —/kəmˈplaɪəns əˈsɛsmənt/
Characters: Environmental Officer (环境专员 EO) / Site Engineer (现场工程师 SE) · Characters: Project Manager (项目经理 PM) / Environmental Consultant (环保顾问 EC)
EOLet's walk the site. I want to check the environmental controls before the regulatory inspection next week.
走一圈现场吧。下周有监管检查，我先看看环保措施。
SESure. We've been following the EMP closely. Silt fences are up along the perimeter, and the sedimentation basins are cleaned weekly.
好的。我们一直按环境管理计划执行。周边防淤围挡都设好了，沉淀池每周清一次。
EOGood. What about dust control? The weather has been dry lately and the earthworks are kicking up a lot of dust near the access road.
不错。降尘呢？最近天气干燥，进场道路附近的土方作业扬尘不小。
SEWe have a water truck running twice a day, but I'll increase it to three times. We also covered the stockpiles with tarps as you suggested.
洒水车每天跑两趟，我会加到三趟。堆料场也按你说的用帆布盖了。
EOI see that. Now show me the hazardous waste storage area. Are the drums properly labeled and sitting on secondary containment?
看到了。带我去危废暂存间。桶上有标识吗？下面有防渗托盘吗？
SEYes, all waste oil, used paint cans, and chemical containers are separated by type. Labels show waste name, generator, and date. The containment bund is intact.
有，废机油、废旧油漆桶、化学品容器都分类存放。标签标了废物名称、产生源和 日期。防渗围堰完好。
EOGood compliance. One thing though — the spill kit near the refueling area looks incomplete. Make sure it has absorbent pads, booms, and disposal bags. I'll note this as a minor finding for immediate fix.
合规做得不错。不过加油区旁边的应急泄漏包好像不完整。确保有吸油棉、围油栏 和处置袋。这条我记作轻微不符合项，马上整改。
PMThe EIA for the solar farm expansion has been submitted, but the local community has raised some concerns. Have you seen the feedback?
光伏电站扩建的环评已经提交了，但当地社区有意见。你看到反馈了吗？
ECYes, three main issues: glare from panels affecting nearby homes, water usage for panel cleaning in a water-scarce area, and habitat disruption during construction.
看了，三个主要问题：光伏板反光影响附近住户、缺水地区清洗用水、施工期 栖息地破坏。
PMWe already have anti-reflective coating specified, but we should communicate that more clearly. What's your recommendation on the water?
我们已经指定了抗反射涂层，但应该沟通得更清楚。用水问题你怎么看？
ECWe can switch to robotic dry-cleaning for most of the year, supplemented by wet cleaning only when absolutely necessary. That reduces water consumption by over 80%. We should include this in the updated EMP.
可以全年大部分时段改用机器人干扫，仅在必要时湿洗。这样节水超过80%。应该 写入更新的环境管理计划。
PMThat's a strong mitigation measure. And the habitat — we've already adjusted the layout to avoid the wetland area on the eastern edge, right?
这个缓解措施有力。栖息地呢——我们已经调整了布局避开东侧湿地了吧？
ECCorrect. But we still need a pre-construction ecological survey to document baseline conditions and a revegetation plan for any disturbed areas. I'd also recommend a community liaison officer to maintain ongoing dialogue with the neighbors.
对。但还是需要施工前生态调查记录基线，以及扰动区域的植被恢复方案。另外 建议设一个社区联络员，和周边居民保持持续对话。
PMAgreed. Let's package all this into a public information session. We'll present the mitigation measures, timelines, and monitoring commitment. Better to be transparent upfront than deal with complaints later.
同意。把这些打包成一个公众说明会。介绍缓解措施、时间表和监测承诺。与其 事后处理投诉，不如一开始就透明沟通。